0 Training Manager jobs in Kenya

Lead Aviation Training Manager - Remote

20117 Mwembe KES720000 Annually WhatJobs

Posted 5 days ago

Job Viewed

Tap Again To Close

Job Description

full-time
Our client, a world-renowned aviation training institution, is searching for an experienced and dynamic Lead Aviation Training Manager to spearhead their expanding, fully remote training development team. This pivotal role will oversee the design, development, implementation, and evaluation of comprehensive training programs for pilots, cabin crew, maintenance technicians, and ground staff. You will be responsible for curriculum development, instructional design, and the selection and management of training technologies and platforms. Your duties will include ensuring all training content meets stringent aviation regulatory standards (e.g., EASA, FAA, ICAO) and aligns with industry best practices. A key part of your role will involve leading and mentoring a team of instructional designers and subject matter experts, fostering a culture of innovation and continuous improvement in training delivery within a remote setting. You will also manage training budgets, analyze training needs, and measure the effectiveness of training initiatives through performance metrics. The ideal candidate will possess a Master's degree in Education, Aviation Management, or a related field, with at least 7 years of experience in aviation training management, including significant experience in curriculum design and instructional technology. A deep understanding of adult learning principles and experience with learning management systems (LMS) is essential. Exceptional leadership, communication, and project management skills are required, along with the ability to drive results in a fully remote environment. This is an exciting opportunity to shape the future of aviation professionals worldwide and make a significant impact on safety and operational excellence, all while working remotely and contributing to our strategic initiatives near **Nakuru, Nakuru, KE**.
This advertiser has chosen not to accept applicants from your region.

Senior Instructional Design Lead

60100 Embu, Eastern KES220000 Annually WhatJobs

Posted 1 day ago

Job Viewed

Tap Again To Close

Job Description

full-time
Our client is seeking a highly experienced and visionary Senior Instructional Design Lead to spearhead their curriculum development initiatives. This is a fully remote position, empowering you to guide a team and shape educational content from anywhere. You will be responsible for leading the design and development of innovative and effective learning programs, ensuring alignment with strategic educational goals. The ideal candidate will possess extensive expertise in instructional design methodologies, adult learning principles, and project management, along with strong leadership capabilities. You will mentor and guide a team of instructional designers, collaborate with stakeholders across departments, and ensure the delivery of high-quality, engaging learning experiences that foster knowledge retention and skill development.
Key Responsibilities:
  • Lead the instructional design team in the creation of comprehensive learning solutions.
  • Oversee the development of curricula and learning materials across various formats (e-learning, workshops, blended learning).
  • Ensure adherence to instructional design best practices, quality standards, and adult learning theories.
  • Collaborate with subject matter experts and stakeholders to define learning objectives and content requirements.
  • Manage multiple instructional design projects, including scope, budget, and timelines.
  • Provide mentorship and professional development support to instructional design staff.
  • Evaluate the effectiveness of learning interventions and recommend improvements.
  • Stay current with emerging trends in educational technology and instructional design.
  • Contribute to the strategic planning and direction of the learning and development function.
  • Champion a culture of continuous improvement in learning design and delivery.
Qualifications:
  • Master's degree in Instructional Design, Education Technology, Curriculum Development, or a related field.
  • Minimum of 7 years of progressive experience in instructional design, with at least 2 years in a leadership role.
  • Demonstrated expertise in designing complex learning solutions and managing large-scale projects.
  • Proficiency with e-learning authoring tools and multimedia development principles.
  • Strong understanding of various instructional design models and learning evaluation methods.
  • Exceptional leadership, team management, and communication skills.
  • Proven ability to influence and collaborate effectively with diverse stakeholders.
  • Experience working in a remote leadership capacity is a significant advantage.
  • Must be legally authorized to work in Kenya.
This position is associated with **Embu, Embu, KE**, but is fully remote.
This advertiser has chosen not to accept applicants from your region.

Remote Instructional Design Specialist

70100 Makongeni KES190000 Annually WhatJobs

Posted 6 days ago

Job Viewed

Tap Again To Close

Job Description

contractor
Our client is seeking a creative and skilled Remote Instructional Design Specialist to develop engaging and effective learning experiences for our diverse workforce. This fully remote position is key to creating high-quality educational content that supports professional development and knowledge acquisition across various departments. You will be responsible for designing, developing, and implementing e-learning courses, training modules, and other learning materials using a variety of instructional technologies and methodologies. The ideal candidate will have a strong understanding of adult learning principles, curriculum development, and multimedia design. You will collaborate closely with subject matter experts (SMEs) to translate complex information into clear, concise, and interactive learning content. Key responsibilities include defining learning objectives, structuring course content, writing scripts and storyboards, developing assessments, and evaluating the effectiveness of learning programs. Proficiency in e-learning authoring tools (e.g., Articulate Storyline, Adobe Captivate) and learning management systems (LMS) is essential. The ability to manage multiple projects, work independently, and communicate effectively within a remote team environment is crucial. We are looking for an innovative individual who can leverage technology to create impactful and accessible learning solutions. Your contributions will directly enhance employee skills and organizational knowledge, fostering a culture of continuous learning. This role requires a passion for education and a commitment to developing engaging and results-driven training programs.

Key Responsibilities:
  • Design and develop engaging e-learning courses, training modules, and blended learning solutions.
  • Collaborate with Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) to gather content and ensure accuracy and relevance.
  • Apply adult learning principles and instructional design models (e.g., ADDIE, SAM) to create effective learning experiences.
  • Write clear and concise learning objectives, scripts, storyboards, and assessments.
  • Utilize e-learning authoring tools (e.g., Articulate Storyline, Captivate, Rise) to build interactive content.
  • Develop and manage multimedia elements, including graphics, animations, and videos.
  • Implement and manage courses within a Learning Management System (LMS).
  • Evaluate the effectiveness of learning programs through feedback, assessments, and performance data.
  • Stay current with instructional design trends, technologies, and best practices.
  • Manage multiple instructional design projects simultaneously, adhering to deadlines and quality standards.
  • Ensure accessibility of learning materials in compliance with relevant standards.
  • Contribute to the continuous improvement of the organization's learning and development initiatives.
Qualifications:
  • Bachelor's degree in Instructional Design, Education, Educational Technology, or a related field. Master's degree is a plus.
  • Minimum of 4 years of experience in instructional design and e-learning development.
  • Proven proficiency with industry-standard e-learning authoring tools (Articulate Storyline/Rise, Adobe Captivate, etc.).
  • Strong understanding of adult learning theories and instructional design methodologies.
  • Experience with Learning Management Systems (LMS) administration and deployment.
  • Excellent writing, editing, and communication skills.
  • Ability to collaborate effectively with SMEs and stakeholders in a remote setting.
  • Strong project management skills and ability to manage multiple projects.
  • Creative and innovative approach to learning design.
  • Experience with multimedia development tools (e.g., Camtasia, Adobe Creative Suite) is a plus.
  • Portfolio of instructional design work required.
This is a fully remote position.
This advertiser has chosen not to accept applicants from your region.

Remote Instructional Design Specialist

90112 Gathiruini KES4000000 Annually WhatJobs

Posted 7 days ago

Job Viewed

Tap Again To Close

Job Description

full-time
Our client is seeking a creative and experienced Remote Instructional Design Specialist to develop engaging and effective learning experiences. This fully remote role is crucial for transforming educational content into high-quality e-learning modules, workshops, and training programs. You will work collaboratively with subject matter experts (SMEs), educators, and multimedia developers to design learning solutions that meet diverse educational needs. Your expertise in adult learning principles, curriculum development, and e-learning technologies will be key to success. While the role supports educational initiatives relevant to the Mlolongo, Machakos, KE area, it operates entirely remotely, allowing for a flexible and dynamic work environment.

Responsibilities:
  • Design and develop engaging instructional materials for various learning modalities, including e-learning, instructor-led training (ILT), virtual ILT, and blended learning.
  • Collaborate with SMEs to analyze learning needs, define learning objectives, and outline course content.
  • Apply adult learning theories and instructional design models (e.g., ADDIE, SAM) to create effective learning solutions.
  • Develop storyboards, scripts, assessments, and learning activities.
  • Utilize authoring tools (e.g., Articulate Storyline, Adobe Captivate) to build interactive e-learning modules.
  • Incorporate multimedia elements (graphics, audio, video) to enhance learning engagement.
  • Evaluate the effectiveness of learning programs through various assessment strategies and feedback mechanisms.
  • Provide guidance and feedback to multimedia developers and other team members.
  • Stay current with emerging trends and best practices in instructional design and e-learning technology.
  • Manage multiple instructional design projects simultaneously, ensuring timely delivery and adherence to quality standards.
  • Ensure learning content is accessible, inclusive, and aligned with organizational goals.
  • Contribute to the continuous improvement of the instructional design process and tools.
  • Conduct needs assessments and gap analyses to identify learning opportunities.
  • Facilitate virtual training sessions or workshops as needed.
  • Maintain detailed project documentation and version control for all learning materials.

Qualifications:
  • Proven experience in instructional design, curriculum development, or e-learning development.
  • Strong understanding of adult learning principles and instructional design methodologies.
  • Proficiency with industry-standard authoring tools (e.g., Articulate 360, Adobe Captivate).
  • Experience in developing content for Learning Management Systems (LMS).
  • Excellent writing, editing, and communication skills, with the ability to articulate complex concepts clearly.
  • Experience collaborating with SMEs and diverse project teams.
  • Ability to manage projects, prioritize tasks, and meet deadlines in a remote setting.
  • Familiarity with multimedia development tools and techniques.
  • A Bachelor's or Master's degree in Education, Instructional Design, or a related field is preferred.
  • Portfolio showcasing successful instructional design projects is highly recommended.
  • Strong analytical and problem-solving skills.
  • Passion for creating impactful learning experiences.
This position offers a fantastic opportunity to shape the future of learning in a remote-first environment, making a tangible impact on learner outcomes.
This advertiser has chosen not to accept applicants from your region.

Hotel Operations Manager - Remote Support & Training

50100 Kakamega, Western KES100000 Annually WhatJobs

Posted 6 days ago

Job Viewed

Tap Again To Close

Job Description

full-time
Our client is seeking a dynamic and experienced Hotel Operations Manager to provide remote support and training to their properties. This hybrid role requires a seasoned professional who can oversee operational standards, drive service excellence, and mentor on-site teams through a combination of remote communication and occasional on-site visits. You will be instrumental in ensuring the smooth day-to-day running of hotel operations, focusing on guest satisfaction, staff performance, and adherence to brand standards. The ideal candidate possesses a strong background in hospitality management, exceptional leadership skills, and a proven ability to troubleshoot operational challenges and implement effective solutions. You must be proficient in using various hotel management software and digital communication tools for remote oversight. Responsibilities include:
  • Providing remote guidance and support to General Managers and operational staff across multiple hotel locations.
  • Developing and implementing operational standards, policies, and procedures.
  • Conducting remote performance evaluations and identifying areas for improvement.
  • Creating and delivering training programs for new and existing staff on service standards, operational procedures, and systems.
  • Assisting with budget management, cost control, and revenue maximization strategies.
  • Monitoring guest feedback and implementing strategies to enhance guest satisfaction.
  • Troubleshooting operational issues and developing timely and effective solutions.
  • Ensuring compliance with health, safety, and sanitation regulations.
  • Collaborating with sales, marketing, and finance departments to align operational goals.
  • Conducting occasional on-site inspections and training sessions as required by the hybrid model.
  • Staying updated on industry trends and best practices in hotel management.
Qualifications:
  • Bachelor's degree in Hospitality Management, Business Administration, or a related field.
  • Minimum of 8 years of progressive experience in hotel operations, with at least 3 years in a management role (e.g., General Manager, Operations Manager).
  • In-depth knowledge of hotel operations, including front office, housekeeping, food & beverage, and maintenance.
  • Proven experience with hotel management systems (PMS) and other relevant software.
  • Excellent leadership, coaching, and team-building skills.
  • Strong problem-solving and decision-making abilities.
  • Exceptional communication, presentation, and interpersonal skills.
  • Ability to manage multiple priorities and work effectively under pressure.
  • Willingness to travel occasionally for on-site visits.
  • Commitment to delivering exceptional guest service.
This role offers a unique blend of remote flexibility and strategic on-site engagement, allowing you to influence hotel operations on a broader scale. If you are a dedicated hospitality leader ready to elevate operational excellence through hybrid support, we encourage you to apply.
This advertiser has chosen not to accept applicants from your region.

Learning & Development Lead

Nairobi, Nairobi KES900000 - KES1200000 Y M-KOPA

Posted today

Job Viewed

Tap Again To Close

Job Description

We are looking for a
Learning & Development Lead
to join our Human Resources Department as we scale up and drive digital and financial inclusion globally.
Role Overview
We are seeking a dynamic Learning & Development Lead to join our L&D team at M-KOPA. This role is perfect for a learning professional who thrives on designing impactful training experiences, managing educational programs, and driving organizational learning initiatives through data-driven approaches and cutting-edge learning technologies.

What You'll Do
Learning Strategy & Program Development

  • Facilitate and deliver comprehensive learning programs aligned with organizational objectives and business goals.
  • Conduct thorough learning needs assessments using surveys, interviews, and data analytics to identify skill gaps.
  • Create engaging e-learning content, including multimedia resources, interactive modules, and mobile-friendly learning materials.
  • Facilitate training sessions, workshops, and learning experiences across various formats (virtual, in-person, blended, microlearning).
  • Support the delivery of Talent Management programs.

Technology & Innovation

  • Manage and optimize Learning Management System (LMS) and learning technologies.
  • Procure and evaluate emerging learning technologies, AI-powered learning tools, and virtual reality training solutions.
  • Design and implement digital learning strategies including social learning and performance support tools.
  • Create mobile-first learning experiences and just-in-time learning resources.

Data Analytics & Measurement

  • Develop and track learning analytics and key performance indicators (KPIs) to measure training effectiveness and ROI.
  • Conduct data-driven analysis of learning outcomes, engagement metrics, and business impact.
  • Prepare comprehensive reports on program effectiveness and learning trends for leadership teams.
  • Use learning analytics to personalize learning paths and improve program design.

Stakeholder Management & Business Partnership

  • Champion training programs across the organization through strategic marketing and communication campaigns.
  • Build strong partnerships with department heads, subject matter experts, and external vendors.
  • Present business cases for L&D investments demonstrate measurable impact on organizational performance.
  • Manage relationships with external L&D partners, vendors, and technology providers.

Budget & Operations Management

  • Maintain the learning & development budget and records.
  • Manage procurement processes for training materials, technologies, and external partnerships.
  • Maintain accurate records of training activities, compliance requirements, and program outcomes.

What You'll Need

  • Bachelor's degree in human resources, Education, Psychology, Instructional Design, or related field.
  • 3-5 years of experience in learning and development, instructional design, or corporate training
  • Proven experience with Learning Management Systems (LMS) and e-learning authoring tools (Articulate, Captivate, etc.)
  • Strong knowledge of adult learning theories and instructional design principles
  • Experience with data analysis and learning analytics tools
  • Excellent facilitation, presentation, and communication skills
  • Project management experience with ability to manage multiple programs simultaneously
  • Proficiency in Microsoft Office Suite and familiarity with collaboration tools.

Why M-KOPA?
At M-KOPA, we empower our people to own their careers through diverse development programs, coaching partnerships, and on-the-job training. We support individual journeys with family-friendly policies, prioritize well-being, and embrace flexibility.

Join us in shaping the future of M-KOPA as we grow together. Explore more at
m-
.

Recognized four times by the Financial Times as one Africa's fastest growing companies (2022, 2023, 2024 and 2025) and by TIME100 Most influential companies in the world 2023 and 2024 , we've served over 5 million customers, unlocking $1.5 billion in cumulative credit for the unbanked across Africa.
Important Notice
M-KOPA is an equal opportunity and affirmative action employer committed to assembling a diverse, broadly trained staff. Women, minorities, and people with disabilities are strongly encouraged to apply.
M-KOPA explicitly prohibits the use of Forced or Child Labour and respects the rights of its employees to agree to terms and conditions of employment voluntarily, without coercion, and freely terminate their employment on appropriate notice. M-KOPA shall ensure that its Employees are of legal working age and shall comply with local laws for youth employment or student work, such as internships or apprenticeships.
M-KOPA does not collect/charge any money as a pre-employment or post-employment requirement. This means that we never ask for 'recruitment fees', 'processing fees', 'interview fees', or any other kind of money in exchange for offer letters or interviews at any time during the hiring process.
Applications for this position will be reviewed on a rolling basis. Shortlisting and interviews will take place at any stage during the recruitment process. We reserve the right to close the vacancy early if a suitable candidate is selected before the advertised closing date.

This advertiser has chosen not to accept applicants from your region.

AI and Machine Learning Engineer - Research & Development

00100 Abothuguchi West KES220000 Annually WhatJobs

Posted 5 days ago

Job Viewed

Tap Again To Close

Job Description

full-time
Our client is looking for an innovative and skilled AI and Machine Learning Engineer to join their cutting-edge technology division. This is a fully remote position, enabling you to contribute to groundbreaking projects from any location. You will be responsible for designing, developing, and deploying advanced AI and ML models to solve complex business problems. This includes data preprocessing, feature engineering, model training, evaluation, and optimization. Your work will involve staying abreast of the latest research and advancements in AI/ML, and applying them to create novel solutions. You will collaborate with data scientists, software engineers, and product managers to integrate ML capabilities into our client's products and services. The ideal candidate will possess a strong foundation in machine learning algorithms, deep learning frameworks (e.g., TensorFlow, PyTorch), and programming languages such as Python. Experience with cloud platforms (AWS, Azure, GCP) and big data technologies is highly desirable. You must have excellent analytical and problem-solving skills, with a passion for innovation and a keen eye for detail. This role demands strong communication skills to articulate technical concepts and findings to both technical and non-technical audiences. You will play a crucial role in shaping our client's AI strategy and driving technological innovation. This is an exciting opportunity to work on challenging and impactful projects in a fast-paced, forward-thinking environment. The successful candidate will be a proactive self-starter, capable of working independently and contributing effectively to a distributed team. The technical focus is on developing AI solutions that may be deployed globally, but the role is remotely anchored in **Nairobi, Nairobi, KE**.
This advertiser has chosen not to accept applicants from your region.
Be The First To Know

About the latest Training manager Jobs in Kenya !

Senior Talent Development & Organizational Learning Consultant

40100 Nyeri Town KES7500000 Annually WhatJobs

Posted today

Job Viewed

Tap Again To Close

Job Description

full-time
Our client, a dynamic and innovative leader in its sector, is seeking a highly experienced Senior Talent Development and Organizational Learning Consultant to join our fully remote Human Resources team. This pivotal role will be responsible for designing, developing, and implementing strategic talent development programs and fostering a culture of continuous learning and growth across the organization. You will lead initiatives in leadership development, employee training, performance management, and succession planning, ensuring our workforce is equipped with the skills and competencies needed for future success. Your expertise in adult learning principles, instructional design, change management, and organizational effectiveness will be crucial in shaping a high-performing and adaptable organization. This is an exciting opportunity to drive significant impact on employee growth and organizational capability from a remote position.

Responsibilities:
  • Design and implement comprehensive talent development strategies, including leadership development programs, technical training, and career pathing initiatives.
  • Develop and deliver engaging learning solutions using a variety of methodologies, including e-learning, workshops, coaching, and blended learning approaches.
  • Assess organizational development needs and identify skill gaps, recommending targeted learning interventions.
  • Oversee the design and execution of performance management systems and processes.
  • Develop and facilitate succession planning programs to ensure a robust pipeline of future leaders.
  • Champion a culture of continuous learning and knowledge sharing throughout the organization.
  • Partner with senior leaders to align talent development initiatives with strategic business objectives.
  • Evaluate the effectiveness of learning programs and initiatives, using data and feedback to drive improvements.
  • Stay current with best practices and emerging trends in talent development, organizational psychology, and HR technology.
  • Manage relationships with external training vendors and subject matter experts.
  • Mentor and guide junior members of the talent development team.
Qualifications:
  • Master's degree in Human Resources, Organizational Development, Industrial-Organizational Psychology, Education, or a related field.
  • A minimum of 7 years of progressive experience in talent development, learning and development, or organizational effectiveness.
  • Proven expertise in designing and implementing impactful leadership development and employee training programs.
  • Strong understanding of adult learning principles, instructional design models (e.g., ADDIE, SAM), and learning technologies (LMS, LXP).
  • Experience with performance management systems, competency frameworks, and succession planning methodologies.
  • Excellent facilitation, coaching, and change management skills.
  • Strong analytical skills, with the ability to measure the ROI and effectiveness of development programs.
  • Exceptional communication, presentation, and interpersonal skills.
  • Ability to work independently, manage multiple projects, and collaborate effectively in a remote, global environment.
  • A passion for fostering employee growth and driving organizational success.
This is a strategic remote role offering the chance to significantly influence employee growth and organizational capability on a global scale. The designated work location is Nyeri, Nyeri, KE .
This advertiser has chosen not to accept applicants from your region.

Curriculum Development Specialist, Online Learning

20200 Tuwan KES350000 Annually WhatJobs

Posted 1 day ago

Job Viewed

Tap Again To Close

Job Description

full-time
Our client is looking for a talented Curriculum Development Specialist to create engaging and effective online learning materials. This fully remote position is ideal for an educator passionate about leveraging technology to enhance educational experiences. The Specialist will be responsible for designing, developing, and implementing comprehensive curricula for various subjects, ensuring alignment with learning objectives and pedagogical best practices. You will work with subject matter experts, instructional designers, and multimedia developers to produce high-quality educational content.

Key responsibilities include: conceptualizing and structuring online courses; writing learning objectives, content outlines, and instructional scripts; developing assessments and activities that measure learning outcomes; collaborating with instructional designers to translate content into interactive modules; incorporating multimedia elements such as videos, simulations, and graphics; reviewing and revising existing curricula to ensure relevance and effectiveness; staying current with trends in online education and learning technologies; and ensuring accessibility standards are met. The ideal candidate will possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Education, Instructional Design, or a related field, with a proven track record in curriculum development, particularly for online platforms. Experience with Learning Management Systems (LMS) and e-learning authoring tools (e.g., Articulate Storyline, Adobe Captivate) is required. Strong writing, editing, and communication skills, along with the ability to manage projects independently in a remote setting, are essential. This is a rewarding opportunity to contribute to innovative educational initiatives from anywhere. The role is conceptually based in Eldoret, Uasin Gishu, KE , and requires full-time remote engagement.
This advertiser has chosen not to accept applicants from your region.
 

Nearby Locations

Other Jobs Near Me

Industry

  1. request_quote Accounting
  2. work Administrative
  3. eco Agriculture Forestry
  4. smart_toy AI & Emerging Technologies
  5. school Apprenticeships & Trainee
  6. apartment Architecture
  7. palette Arts & Entertainment
  8. directions_car Automotive
  9. flight_takeoff Aviation
  10. account_balance Banking & Finance
  11. local_florist Beauty & Wellness
  12. restaurant Catering
  13. volunteer_activism Charity & Voluntary
  14. science Chemical Engineering
  15. child_friendly Childcare
  16. foundation Civil Engineering
  17. clean_hands Cleaning & Sanitation
  18. diversity_3 Community & Social Care
  19. construction Construction
  20. brush Creative & Digital
  21. currency_bitcoin Crypto & Blockchain
  22. support_agent Customer Service & Helpdesk
  23. medical_services Dental
  24. medical_services Driving & Transport
  25. medical_services E Commerce & Social Media
  26. school Education & Teaching
  27. electrical_services Electrical Engineering
  28. bolt Energy
  29. local_mall Fmcg
  30. gavel Government & Non Profit
  31. emoji_events Graduate
  32. health_and_safety Healthcare
  33. beach_access Hospitality & Tourism
  34. groups Human Resources
  35. precision_manufacturing Industrial Engineering
  36. security Information Security
  37. handyman Installation & Maintenance
  38. policy Insurance
  39. code IT & Software
  40. gavel Legal
  41. sports_soccer Leisure & Sports
  42. inventory_2 Logistics & Warehousing
  43. supervisor_account Management
  44. supervisor_account Management Consultancy
  45. supervisor_account Manufacturing & Production
  46. campaign Marketing
  47. build Mechanical Engineering
  48. perm_media Media & PR
  49. local_hospital Medical
  50. local_hospital Military & Public Safety
  51. local_hospital Mining
  52. medical_services Nursing
  53. local_gas_station Oil & Gas
  54. biotech Pharmaceutical
  55. checklist_rtl Project Management
  56. shopping_bag Purchasing
  57. home_work Real Estate
  58. person_search Recruitment Consultancy
  59. store Retail
  60. point_of_sale Sales
  61. science Scientific Research & Development
  62. wifi Telecoms
  63. psychology Therapy
  64. pets Veterinary
View All Training Manager Jobs